ABSTRACT Integrated agricultural production systems have been improved with the introduction of Urochloa grasses aiming at obtaining straw for a no-tillage system (NTS) and the increase of legumes, which promote physicochemical improvements in soils and guarantee intensification and sustainability of production. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic traits and yield of soybean in succession to the intercropping of corn with marandu grass and/or pigeonpea in five populations of plants harvested for silage production. The experiment was carried out in the Cerrado region of Selvíria, MS, Brazil, during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 agricultural years, in an Oxisol. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 2×5 factorial scheme, consisting of off-season corn intercropped with pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) and off-season corn intercropped with marandu grass (Urochloa brizantha) and pigeonpea, in addition to five sowing densities (0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 seeds m-1). Soybean was planted in succession aiming to evaluate the effect of remaining straw on crop performance. Soybean grown in succession to the triple intercropping of corn with marandu and pigeon pea shows increased productivity.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the management of nitrogen fertilization in grains of sorghum inoculated or not with Azospirillum brasilense in single crop or intercropped with Urochloa brizantha (cv. Paiaguás) in the off-season. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design with four replications, in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial scheme, with sorghum in single-cropped system or intercropped with grass; sorghum seeds inoculated or not with A. brasilense; and N management (application of 100% of the dose at sowing or only in topdressing or split - 30% at sowing and 70% in topdressing) at a dose of 120 kg ha-1 N. Morphological components and sorghum grain yield and productivity of dry matter of the aerial part of the grass and the sorghum were evaluated. The splitting of nitrogen fertilization did not interfere in the yield of sorghum grain straw intercropped with U. brizantha. The intercropping with U. brizantha did not reduce sorghum grain yield. In dry climate conditions in the off-season, inoculation of sorghum seeds cv. Ranchero with A. brasilense increases grain yield.

ABSTRACT One of the alternatives to achieve agriculture with sustainability and reduction in production costs, mainly with fertilizers, is the formation of straw from the previous crop and the use of genus Azospirillum bacteria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and yield of soybean, cultivated in areas under straw of sorghum regrowth inoculated or not with diazotrophic bacteria, single or intercropped with Paiaguás grass under Integrated System of Agricultural Production, in Cerrado region. It was used a complete randomized block design, in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with four replications, in two agricultural years: with the cultivation of dual-purpose and grain sorghum, single or intercropped with Paiaguás grass, with or without inoculating sorghum seeds with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. Soybean production and yield components were evaluated. Inoculation of grain or dual-purpose sorghum seeds with Azospirillum brasilense intercropped with Paiaguás grass, before soybean cultivation, increased the components of production and grain yield of soybean in succession.

RESUMO O desempenho da pecuária no Cerrado brasileiro tem sido limitado pela baixa disponibilidade de forragens de satisfatória qualidade, principalmente nos períodos de baixa precipitação pluvial. Objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento e a produtividade de massa seca de duas cultivares de sorgos inoculadas ou não com bactérias diazotróficas, exclusivamente ou em consórcio com capim-paiaguás, sob sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária, no período de outono-inverno, em região de Cerrado por dois anos agrícolas. Os experimentos foram realizados a campo, nos anos de 2015 e 2016, na fazenda experimental da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Unesp, em Selvíria-MS. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos corresponderam: a dois anos agrícolas (2015 e 2016); cultivo de sorgo granífero e de dupla aptidão solteiros ou em consórcio com o capim-paiaguás, com ou sem a inoculação das sementes de sorgos com a bactéria Azospirillum brasilense. Avaliou-se a produtividade de massa seca dos componentes vegetais e o crescimento das plantas para confecção de silagem. A inoculação de sementes de sorgos com a bactéria Azospirillum brasilense aumenta a produção de massa seca vegetal para ensilagem, independentemente da cultivar ou consórcio com capim. A consorciação do sorgo granífero e dupla aptidão com o capim-paiaguás é um sistema viável do ponto de vista agronômico para produção de massa vegetal para ensilagem em cultivo outonal.

ABSTRACT Livestock performance in the Brazilian Cerrado has been limited by the low availability of good quality fodder, especially during periods of low rainfall. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth and dry matter production in two cultivars of sorghum, inoculated or not with diazotrophic bacteria, and as a monocrop or intercropped with palisade grass under a system of crop-livestock integration. The experiments were carried out in the field in the Cerrado region during the autumn-winter period of 2015 and 2016, on the experimental farm of the Faculty of Engineering at Ilha Solteira, UNESP, in Selvíria, in the State of Mato Groso do Sul, Brazil (MS). A randomised complete block experimental design was used in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments corresponded to two agricultural years (2015 and 2016); the cultivation of dual-purpose grain sorghum, alone or intercropped with palisade grass; with or without inoculation of the sorghum seeds with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. The dry matter production of the plant components and plant growth were evaluated for the preparation of silage. Inoculation of sorghum seeds with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense increases the production of plant dry matter for silage, irrespective of the cultivar or intercrop. Dual-purpose grain sorghum intercropped with palisade grass is a viable agronomic system for producing plant matter for silage during the autumn season.